Sustainable relationship between FDI, R&D, and CO2 emissions in emerging markets: An empirical analysis of BRICS countries
نویسندگان
چکیده
This paper empirically analyzes sustainable relations between inward FDI (IFDI), outward (OFDI), the R&D expenditure ratio and CO 2 emissions based on balanced panel data from BRICS (namely, Brazil, Russia, India, China South Africa) countries for period 2003–2017. Generally, results confirm a negative effect of IFDI positive OFDI ratio, both with statistical significance. Further exploration IFDI, impacts was an assumption that innovation development mitigates environmental pollution. The research outcome revealed associations emissions, showing connection pollution to growth-focused national economic strategies. Based these results, we recommend following policies: (1) rethinking domestic industries protectionism trends support enhance spillover effects, (2) drafting New Development Bank specific environment-friendly investment programs aimed at activities, (3) looking into further easing green technologies developed countries.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Russian Journal of Economics
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['2405-4739', '2618-7213']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.32609/j.ruje.7.77285